English and our modern capitalism

It is said that, in order to track down Kant's train of thought, it is necessary to know Latin, because he used to think in Latin categories which he later on expressed in German.
How much influence, do you think, English has in modern non-English-speaking societies? How much have certain languages merged with English to the point that they express certain thoughts with structures that are very natural in English but would sound really strange in the language they are spoken? And, most of all, do you think people aware that they are speaking with categories inherited from another language?